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Over the years, there are different definitions of health which have evolved from society-changing conditions, technological advancements and the changes in stages of diseases (Green, 2017). The redefinitions of health are mostly based on previous definitions. The definitions of health range from the empirical, philosophical, technological, psychological, cultural, and even the social, national policies (Green, 2017). The World Health Organization [WHO] (2017), defined health as ‘a state of complete mental, social, and physical well-being which is not merely the absence of infirmity or diseases’ since 1948.

Over the years, there are different definitions of health which have evolved from society-changing conditions, technological advancements and the changes in stages of diseases (Green, 2017). The redefinitions of health are mostly based on previous definitions. The definitions of health range from the empirical, philosophical, technological, psychological, cultural, and even the social, national policies (Green, 2017). The World Health Organization [WHO] (2017), defined health as ‘a state of complete mental, social, and physical well-being which is not merely the absence of infirmity or diseases’ since 1948.

In the same way, indigenous communities understand health as having ‘harmony amongst individuals, the universe, and communities’ (WHO, 2007). In all parts of the world, health includes both the traditional healing systems and western biomedical care. Australian Government (2013) and The National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation [NACCHO] (2016) noted that the Aboriginal health is the cultural, social, and emotional well-being of the entire community, in which each aspect reaches themaximum potential thus giving the total-wellbeing of the community. Similar to the aborigines, the native Americans believe that health is a combination of different aspects of life,including mental, spiritual, physical, and emotional aspects (Go et al., 2014). As a result, illness in individuals results from the inability to balance between the external and internal bodies.

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Native Americans’ Health, Disease Prevention, and Treatment

The Native Americans are one of the original peoples of the North, Central, and South America who still maintain their cultural origin (Torre, 2016). Though they are diverse and geographically dispersed, these people have a commonality in economic disadvantage. The Native Americans have diseases patterns that are associated with adverse consequences ofpoverty, culture, inadequate education, employment, and limited accessibility to health services (Moore et al. 2015). Compared to other Americans these groups have unhealthy lifestyles and therefore a higher mortality due to lifestyle diseases such as tuberculosis, alcoholism, homicide, injuries, among other substance users (Go et al., 2014).

The health of the Native Americans can be described in the following categories. The first type is the structural or community factors which directs that the health issues of an individual are dealt with using those of the whole community (Torre et al., 2016). Though the community depends on the modern health researches, they mostly use their indigenous knowledge when it comes to health. Additionally, these people are geographically isolated from the other communities, and that is why they have passed their knowledge about sustainability from one generation to the next (Grant, 2016). The cultural factors show that the Native Americans take health as a holistic issue and therefore will use their traditional knowledge before visiting any modern healthcare system. As a result, chronic diseases such as cancer, HIV, and other long-term conditions end up affecting them (Go et al., 2014). These people rarely go for screening and thus will never know whether or not they have the chronic diseases. Surprisingly, women are more traditional and will not give in to visiting the healthcare facilities for screening such as the Pap test putting them at higher risks of cervical cancer(Moore et al., 2015). On the other hand, traditional practices such as drug abuse, alcoholism, dancing put these people at more risks of unhealthy lifestyles (Grant, 2016).

On the contrary, there are individual mortality and morbidity factors that constrain the health of the population (Torre et al., 2016). These factors include the loss of heritage and land. Such factors have made the Native Americans to adopt unhealthy lifestyles that can be a source of disease progression and harmful outcomes. Specifically, according to the National Cancer Institute (NCI) (2017), the Native American population has the lowest 5-year survival rate despite being the community within America with the most probability of contacting the disease.The exposure is attributed to many factors such as geographic isolation, late detection stage, poverty, lack of healthcare access, and treatment underutilisation. Similarly, the National Institute of alcoholism and alcohol abuse (NIAAA) stated that their epidemiological data shows that the Native Americans are more likely to start drinking early, and they are heavy drinkers (Department of Health and Human Services, 2017). The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) shows that majority of the population is addicted to drugs,putting them to riskier behavior that cause drug-related difficulties such as infection with the HIV infection, child abuse, suicide, among other risky behaviors(Department of Health and Human Services, 2017).On the other hand, the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) showed that the Native Americans is one of the populations with the most oral diseases and issues (Jamieson et al., 2013). These problems include oral cancer, untreated decay, dental caries among other oral problems.

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The post Over the years, there are different definitions of health which have evolved from society-changing conditions, technological advancements and the changes in stages of diseases (Green, 2017). The redefinitions of health are mostly based on previous definitions. The definitions of health range from the empirical, philosophical, technological, psychological, cultural, and even the social, national policies (Green, 2017). The World Health Organization [WHO] (2017), defined health as ‘a state of complete mental, social, and physical well-being which is not merely the absence of infirmity or diseases’ since 1948. appeared first on My Nursing Papers.

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